What condition is characterized primarily by losing water and having normal electrolyte levels?

The condition characterized primarily by losing water while maintaining normal electrolyte levels is hypertonic dehydration. In this scenario, the body loses more water than electrolytes, leading to an increase in the concentration of solutes in the blood. As a result, while electrolyte levels may remain within normal ranges, the overall fluid deficit leads to cellular dehydration and can cause various symptoms including thirst, dry mucous membranes, and decreased urine output.

Hypertonic dehydration often occurs due to factors such as excessive sweating, diarrhea, or insufficient water intake, especially in situations where electrolyte loss is not significant. Recognizing hypertonic dehydration is important because rehydration strategies need to focus on restoring water balance without overcorrecting electrolyte levels, which can lead to other complications. This understanding is critical for effective management in clinical and sports settings where fluid balance is crucial for performance and health.